لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَقَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَا لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلَهٍ غَيْرُهُ إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ ﴿۵۹﴾ قَالَ الْمَلَأُ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ إِنَّا لَنَرَاكَ فِي ضَلَالٍ مُبِينٍ ﴿۶۰﴾ قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ لَيْسَ بِي ضَلَالَةٌ وَلَكِنِّي رَسُولٌ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ ﴿۶۱﴾ أُبَلِّغُكُمْ رِسَالَاتِ رَبِّي وَأَنْصَحُ لَكُمْ وَأَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴿۶۲﴾ أَوَعَجِبْتُمْ أَنْ جَاءَكُمْ ذِكْرٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْكُمْ لِيُنْذِرَكُمْ وَلِتَتَّقُوا وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ ﴿۶۳﴾ فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَنْجَيْنَاهُ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ فِي الْفُلْكِ وَأَغْرَقْنَا الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا قَوْمًا عَمِينَ ﴿۶۴﴾

﴾59﴿ Laqad arsalnaa noohan ilaa qawmihee faqaala yaa qawmi' budul laaha maa lakum min ilaahin ghairuhoo inneee akhaafu 'alaikum 'azaaba Yawmin 'Azeem
﴾60﴿ Qaalal mala-u min qaw miheee innaa lanaraaka fee dalaalim mubeen
﴾61﴿ Qaala yaa qawmi laisa bee dalaalatunw wa laakinnee Rasoolum mir Rabbil 'aalameen
﴾62﴿ Uballighukum Risaalaati Rabbee wa ansahu lakum wa a'lamu minal laahi maa laa ta'lamoon
﴾63﴿ Awa 'ajibtum an jaaa'akum zikrum mir Rabbikum 'alaa rajulim minkum liyunzirakum wa litattaqoo wa la'allakum turhamoon
﴾64﴿ Fakazzaboohu fa anjai naahu wallazeena ma'ahoo fil fulki wa aghraqnal lazeena kazzaboo bi Aayaatinaa; innahum kaanoo qawman 'ameen

﴾59﴿ Indeed, We sent Noah, peace be upon him, to his people. He said, “O my people, worship Allah alone—there is no helper for you other than Allah. Surely, I fear for you the punishment of a tremendous Day.”
﴾60﴿ The chiefs of his people said, “Indeed, we see you in clear error.”
﴾61﴿ He said, “O my people, there is no error in me. Rather, I am a messenger from the Lord of all the worlds.”
﴾62﴿ I convey to you the messages of my Lord and I seek your good, and I know from Allah what you do not know.
﴾63﴿ Do you find it strange that a revelation has come to you from your Lord through a man from among you, so that he may warn you and so that you may be saved from shirk (associating partners with Allah) and that mercy may be shown to you?
﴾64﴿ But they denied him, so We saved him and those with him in the Ark, and We drowned those who denied Our signs. Surely, they were a blind people.

[59] From this verse, the events of six prophets (peace be upon them) are mentioned, which relate to all three main themes of the surah.
However, the first three clearly relate to the third claim of the surah, which is the affirmation of monotheism (tawḥīd).
The summary of each story consists of three elements:
1. The prophet's call
2. The denial by the people
3. The descent of punishment upon them
“To his people” (ilā qawmihi) – This indicates that Noah (peace be upon him) was not a messenger to all of humanity, but only to his own people.
However, at that time, those were the only people on earth, and there were no others.
For this reason, it is commonly said that he was also sent to all of mankind.
In reality, this universal mission is a unique characteristic of our Prophet, the last Messenger.
[60] In this verse, the denial of his people is mentioned.
"Indeed, we see you" (innā lanarāka) – meaning, you are calling to monotheism and prohibiting the worship of five idols: Wadd, Suwāʿ, Yaghūth, Yaʿūq, and Nasr – this, in their view, is misguidance.
Thus, accusing the people of truth of being misguided, lacking intellect, and other negative labels is a habit of the disbelievers of old.
"Al-malaʾ" – refers to the leaders of the people, the wealthy, and those of high status, whose presence makes gatherings appear full or prestigious, or because they themselves are full of wealth and worldly power.
[61] This is the response from Noah (peace be upon him) to his people, but delivered in a very gentle manner.
"Ḍalālah" (misguidance with the ta marbuta) refers to the category or type of misguidance, unlike the word ḍalāl, which refers to individual instances.
Therefore, by negating the genre (using the indefinite noun), it results in a complete negation of misguidance.
"But I am a messenger" (wa lākinni rasūl) – along with explaining monotheism, this is the claim of prophethood.
[62] This too is part of the response, mentioning three states of the messenger:
1. Conveying the message (tablīgh)
2. Giving advice (seeking good and reform)
3. Knowledge through revelation
"From Allah" (min Allāh) – is evidence that the knowledge of the prophet comes solely from Allah Most High.
"What you do not know" (mā lā taʿlamūn) – indicates that the knowledge of the prophet is greater than that of the people, because it is received through revelation.
[63] Previously, in the minds of the deniers, there was the notion that there is a contradiction between prophethood and being human.
This was also the assumption of this people, and their statement is mentioned in verse 24 of Surah Al-Mu’minūn.
This belief still exists today among those who follow falsehood, as they deny the humanity of the prophet.
However, the present-day deniers have not seen the Prophet; so they say, “He was a prophet, but not a human.”
Whereas the earlier people had seen the prophets and knew they were human, so they denied their prophethood.
Therefore, the reason for denial is the same in both cases: the supposed contradiction between humanity and prophethood.
And this is disbelief (kufr).
[64] In this verse, the continuation of denial is mentioned – meaning tamādaw (they persisted in denying).
“And those with him” (wa alladhīna maʿahu) – There are many opinions regarding their number; the preferred view is that there were six people: his three sons – Sām, Hām, and Yāfith – and their three wives.
“Those who denied” (alladhīna kadhdhabū) – This indicates that the flood during the time of Noah (peace be upon him) was not over the entire earth, but only upon the land of his people, which was the region of Iraq.
Because at that time, there were no other inhabited areas on the earth besides his people.
Therefore, the commonly held saying that the flood covered the whole earth actually means all the land where people lived at the time.
Additionally, those who have found traces of the flood have only found them in the region of Iraq, in the mountains of Ararat near Mosul.